UDK 330.322 Инвестиции. Образование капитала
The scientific article presents a review of scientific literature on the problems of increasing the financial literacy of the population, increasing the demand for investment in education, property and securities. The purpose of the study is to systematize the components of the national investment portfolio and identify risks. Research methods: monographic, comparisons. The importance of real investments aimed at purchasing movable and immovable property is shown. It is noted that the property can be used by an individual for personal purposes and for entrepreneurial activities. It is indicated that the most risky for an individual are financial investments that can bring losses - debts of the enterprise that issued the shares; decrease in the quotation of shares and currency compared to the position at the time of purchase. It is noted that, compared with real investments, the amount of risk varies for different types of financial investments. It is indicated that for term deposits in a commercial bank, the risk can be reduced by deposit insurance. It is determined that non-financial investments are focused on the results of the activities of an individual, that is, investments in future income from the created product. It is noted that the activity of an individual can have an intellectual result, investments in education (knowledge, skills and abilities) are intellectual investments. It is revealed that the portfolio of private investors is dominated by shares of well-known large companies, where the risks of losing investments are minimal. The results of the study of the current state of the national investment portfolio are of practical importance, increasing the financial literacy of the population and reducing the risk of proposed investments.
people's investment portfolio; investments; financial investments; real investments; non-financial investments; intellectual investments; financial literacy
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