Russian Federation
employee
UDK 378 Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров
UDK 001.891 Научно-исследовательские работы. Методы исследований
The article presents the results of research into the problems and prospects of digitalization of Russia's agro-industrial complex in the context of international sanctions. Within the framework of the theoretical section, it was established that the digitalization of enterprises in the sphere of agro-industrial complex is implemented on the basis of one of the three main models: pure producer; "from field to counter; agro-industrial ecosystem "from field to fork". The Russian model of AIC digitalization has a number of specific features: the full participation of the state in the digitalization processes, which both allows it to retain control over the industry and simultaneously narrows the possibilities of free choice of digital transformation trajectories for the business itself; the strategic position of state high-tech corporations, which de facto have a competitive advantage in state tenders and, accordingly, draw a large share of financing for the digitalization of the industry; the model of digitalization of the agricultural sector, which is based on the state's control over the industry. In the author's opinion, the main prospects for the digitalization of the agro-industrial complex, taking into account the impact of international technological sanctions, are: encouraging large agricultural holdings to develop corporate programs of financial support for agrotech start-ups; the formation of a national database on projects of digitalization of business processes in the agro-industrial complex in the main categories: precision farming, smart farm, farm management systems, automation of sowing and disease control; the introduction of a system of tax incentives and other preferences (e.g., the availability of preferential loans for agro-industrial complexes); the introduction of a system of tax breaks and other preferences (e.g., the use of tax-free loans for agro-industrial complexes). revision of curricula in agrarian universities of the country with the addition of disciplines orienting future specialists to work with digital technologies.
agritech, agriculture, ecosystem, digital technology, smart farm
1. Agroeksport»: Rossiya sohranila pozicii v top-20 mirovyh agroeksporterov po itogam 2021 goda (07/07/2022) [Elektronnyy resurs] – URL: https://dairynews.today/news/agroeksport-rossiya-sokhranila-pozitsii-v-top-20-m.html (data obrascheniya: 15.05.2024, rezhim dostupa: svobodnyy).
2. Indikatory innovacionnoy deyatel'nosti: 2023 : statisticheskiy sbornik / V.V. Vlasova, L. M. Gohberg, G.A. Gracheva i dr.; Nac. issled. un-t «Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki». – M. : NIU VShE, 2023. – S. 256 – 262.
3. Prognoz nauchno-tehnologicheskogo razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Rossiyskoy Federacii na period do 2030 goda / Minsel'hoz Rossii; Nac. issled. un-t «Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki». – M.: NIU VShE, 2017. – 140 s.
4. Programma «Cifrovaya ekonomika Rossiyskoy Federacii» (Rasporyazhenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 28 iyulya 2017 g. №1632-R) [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: http://static.government.ru/media/files/9gFM4FHj4PsB79I5v7yLVuPgu4bvR7M0.pdf (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
5. «Cifrovoe sel'skoe hozyaystvo» na period 2019 – 2024 gg. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://mcx.gov.ru/upload/iblock/900/900863fae06c026826a9ee43e124d058.pdf (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
6. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 21 yanvarya 2020 g. № 20 “Ob utverzhdenii Doktriny prodovol'stvennoy bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federacii” (22.01.2020) [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/73338425/ (data obrascheniya 17.05.2024 g.)
7. Peshkova, G.Yu., Fedorov, K.F. Aktual'nye tendencii i problemy cifrovizacii APK // Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy zhurnal. 2022. № 4, ch. 4. S. 150 – 154.
8. Dorogov, I.F., Pilova F.I. Cifrovizaciya sel'skogo hozyaystva i vnedrenie cifrovyh tehnologiy v APK // Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta im. V. M. Kokova. 2021. № 1. S. 120 – 125.
9. Cifrovizaciya APK. Modnyy «hayp» ili real'nyy biznes-instrument dlya otrasli [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://www.agroinvestor.ru/analytics/article/33646-tsifrovizatsiya-apk-modnyy-khayp-ili-realnyy-biznes-instrument-dlya-otrasli/
10. AgroTech v Rossii i v mire: kak tehnologii menyayut zhivotnovodstvo [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://trends.rbc.ru/trends/industry/6200c06a9a794763b645893b?from=copy (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
11. AgroTech segodnya: novye vyzovy i perspektivnye napravleniya dlya razvitiya [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://rb.ru/opinion/agrotech-today/ (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
12. Innovacii v pole: v Rossii vyros spros na AgroTech–proekty [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://www.dp.ru/a/2022/06/27/Innovacii_v_pole (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
13. Derevenskie strahi: kak sankcii skazalis' na rossiyskom sel'skom hozyaystve [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://www.forbes.ru/biznes/474055-derevenskie-strahi-kak-sankcii-skazalis-na-rossijskom-sel-skom-hozajstve (data obrascheniya 16.05.2024 g.).
14. Indikatory cifrovoy ekonomiki: 2024: statisticheskiy sbornik / V. L. Abashkin, G. I. Abdrahmanova, K. O. Vishnevskiy, L. M. Gohberg i dr.; Nac. issled. un-t «Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki». — M.: ISIEZ VShE, 2024.
15. Bondarenko, A.M., Kachanova, L.S., Kuzminova, O.A., Afanas'eva, O.N. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' gosudarstva na osnove cifrovoy transformacii predpriyatiy agrarnogo sektora // Moskovskiy ekonomicheskiy zhurnal. 2021. № 10. S. 181 – 190
16. Agrarii buduschego: kak «cifra» izmenit sel'skoe hozyaystvo [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https://trends.rbc.ru/trends/industry/cmrm/6579a6d59a7947010b869cb6
17. Mulyarec, S.A. Specifika i problemy cifrovoy transformacii predpriyatiy rossiyskogo agropromyshlennogo kompleksa // Investicii i innovacii. 2021. № 4. S. 315 – 320.
18. Zhou, R., & Yin, Y. (2023). Digital Agriculture: Mapping Knowledge Structure and Trends. IEEE Access. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3315606
19. McGrath, K., Brown, C., Regan, Á., & Russell, T. (2023, April 1). Investigating narratives and trends in digital agriculture: A scoping study of social and behavioural science studies. Agricultural Systems. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103616
20. Eastwood, C. R., Knook, J., Turner, J. A., & Renwick, A. (2023). Policy approaches for enhanced dairy sector innovation – a review of future pathways and policies for effective implementation of digital agriculture. New Zealand Economic Papers, 57(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/00779954.2022.2161935
