The purpose of the article was to analyze the current state and trends in the development of breeding resources of beef cattle breeding in the south of Russia in the regime of large-scale sanctions imposed on the domestic economy. The analysis of the current state of Russian beef cattle breeding and the peculiarities of its organization in the southern Russian regions is carried out. It has been established that beef in Russia is the most problematic type of meat, the volume of production and consumption of which has been declining for the last 30 years. The structure of the placement of cattle in various areas of productivity in farms in the south of Russia has been studied, and the production volumes of milk and meat in them have been analyzed. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the availability of cattle meat producers with breeding resources in various regions of the country has been performed. It has been established that such security is noticeably higher in domestic dairy cattle breeding than in its meat sector, which hinders its development in the country. The pedigree composition of the breeding resources of domestic beef cattle breeding in the south of Russia and the peculiarities of their formation in the regime of large-scale Western sanctions imposed on the Russian economy have been established. The scheme of the system of characteristics of beef breeds of cattle, determining the effectiveness of their breeding in regions with different resource conditions, has been developed. Recommendations for improving the breeds of domestic and foreign breeding available in Russia are proposed. The results obtained are compared with the results of research in a similar subject area published in leading periodicals.