The structure of the labor force is not static and develops with the redistribution of labor in favor of promising and capital-intensive industries in the real sector of the economy. This trend is typical for the Russian Federation, including its northern regions and the Arctic zone. Regional experience in the development of the labor force structure in the process of departure and arrival makes it possible to substantiate demographic, economic and social aspects. They contribute to determining the socio-economic conditions for the development of the labor force structure in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of the labor force in Yakutia. According to the method of analysis and synthesis of the structure and order of the components of the labor force structure, the main provisions set out in the conclusions of the study are formulated. With the continuing difference in the demographic component of the labor force in the Russian Federation, in the Far North and in the Arctic, the retirement and admission of labor is accompanied by the economic condition of enterprises. Their needs and opportunities are reflected in the redistribution of low-skilled and highly skilled labor, their migration and emigration. The novelty of the study is a well-founded thesis about the ineffectiveness of socio-economic and demographic policy in the Far North and in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, reflected in the problems of the development of the labor force structure in the northern region. Conclusions are presented on the reasons for the retirement of labor in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), on the long-term renewal of personnel in the republic and in its Arctic zone.