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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\nDOI 10.24411\/2413-046\u0425-2019-18068<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A HOLISTIC PROGRAM OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN CRISIS CONDITIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0417\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044e\u0445\u0430 \u042f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447, <\/strong>\u0424\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0420\u0424, Yaroslav.zaveryukha@yandex.ru<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Summary: <\/strong>The concept of sustainable development is driven by the needs of modern\nhuman development and is important, growing with each decade, for the\nmanagement of natural and social processes on a global as well as regional and\nlocal scale. It is of particular importance for our country, which is\ncharacterized by a variety of ecological,geographical and socio-economic\nconditions of its regions. One of the conditions for achieving sustainable\ndevelopment is to ensure the economic security of the state, so Ukraine faced\nthe problem of creating institutions and mechanisms to ensure its economic\nsecurity. Based on the fact that the problems of sustainable development have\nsignificant differences and peculiar forms of manifestation in different\nregions of the country, there is a need to develop a mechanism to ensure the\nsustainable development of its regions and the formation for Ukraine of the\nconcept of sustainable development, which would be based on the stability and\nsecurity of its individual links \u2013 regions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Analysis of\nrecent research and publications. Analysis of ecological and economic\napproaches to sustainable development in the regional covered in the works of\nsuch scientists: Zakharchenko, Shevchenko, Kuzmenko, Topchiev, Volik, etc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The aim of\nthe work is to determine the ecological and economic approaches to sustainable\nregional development, analysis of its regulatory support and practical measures\nand proposals for the implementation of effective regional policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Keyword:<\/strong>Social requirements, economic security, sustainable development,\nprogress, society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sustainable\ndevelopment of society at any level today looks like one of the most important,\nurgent and comprehensive problems. <\/p>\n\n\n\n There was no\nprecise universally accepted definition of sustainable development. In the\nearly 1990s, there were more than 30 attempts at such definitions. Now they are\nmuch more and they are grouped into a certain system. It is worth emphasizing\nthat geographers, figuring out the essence of sustainable development, focus on\nensuring environmental and social stability. Regulation of anthropogenic loads\non geoecosystems according to the parameters of the ecological capacity of the\nlatter, in their opinion, is the key to the realization of the human right to\nlive in a favorable environment for his health and well-being [2, \u0441. 190]. However, the scientific development of\nalgorithms to optimize this environment through the implementation of only\nenvironmental measures is of little effect, since the installation is formed in\nadvance to combat the consequences of destruction and disturbances in the\nenvironmental sphere, and not to prevent them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Economists\nunderstand the essence of sustainable development somewhat differently, based\non the study of the internal causes of environmental conflicts, the need to\ninternalize “external effects”. Under the latter, Alfred Endres\nunderstands the transformation of the costs of compensation for environmental\ndamage into costs associated with the prevention of environmental pollution; they\nshould be included in the cost of production and the price of goods, and the\nconcept of “internalization” includes a comprehensive analysis and\naction against any external effects \u2013 environmental pollution, imbalance\ngeoecosystems like [4].<\/p>\n\n\n\n The most common\ndefinition of “sustainable development” to date has been proposed in\nthe Brundtland Commission report “Our common future”. According to\nhim, is that sustainable development “meets the needs of the present\nwithout affecting the ability of future generations to meet their own\nneeds”” It aims to ensure a high quality of life for present and\nfuture generations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n At the world\nconference in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. sustainable development\n(“sustainable development”) is defined as “the creation of a\nsocially oriented economy based on the reasonable use of resources and\nenvironmental protection, which would not jeopardize the ability of future\ngenerations to meet their needs”. That is, it is, in fact, about making\neconomic policy over the long-term (between several generations) measurement\n[6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Different\nauthors have repeatedly noted the inaccuracy of the re-treasure of foreign\nexpression (eng. sustainable development). Indeed, the definition of\n“sustainable development” means sustainable, sustained growth. At the\nsame time, from European languages translation is as follows: sustainable \u2013\nsupported, development \u2013 development, development, creation, development,\nconstruction, event, improvement, growth, expansion, deployment, development,\nimprovement, evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In this\ncontext, this translation should have a narrower meaning. This is the\ndevelopment of “continuing” (“self-sufficient”), that is,\none that does not contradict the further existence of mankind and its\ndevelopment in the same direction. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Sustainable\ndevelopment is a model of resource use aimed at meeting human needs and\npreserving the environment, provided that these needs can be met not only for\nthe present but also for future generations [8, \u0441. 60]. This term is voiced by the Brundtland\nCommission. The Brundtland Commission, officially the world Commission on\nenvironment and development (WCED), known by the name of GRU Chairman Harlem\nBrundtland, was convened by the UN in 1983. <\/p>\n\n\n\n At the heart\nof the concept of sustainable development is the human being, because he\nhimself with his needs is the goal of social activity, and he is the main\nfactor in achieving the goal. Man (as a resource of development), on the one\nhand, is a biological being, on the other \u2013 the carrier of intelligence,\nCreator and consumer of information (in a broad sense), which is now an\ninexhaustible resource of development. Therefore, the utmost importance in a\nsociety that develops on the principles of sustainable development, gain\neducation, which is formed and built up this resource, and the health care\nindustry, which ensures the preservation and reproduction of biological media\nthis resource [10, p. 80]. Man as a special kind of resources is not only\nendowed with intelligence, but also able to make choices. The more choices it\nhas, the greater the level of freedom reigns in society. The tragedy of our\ntime is that the scientific knowledge of mankind is mainly aimed not at\nrationalizing the needs of the population, and the invention of technologies\nthat allow for the large-scale conquest of natural resources. Consequently,\nenvironmental modernization of society can be a response to the contradictions\nbetween economic growth, social well-being and environmental conservation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Therefore, in\nthe modern conditions of national development, sustainable development can be\ndefined as economic growth, ensuring the improvement of the quality of life of\nthe population and its environmental safety .<\/p>\n\n\n\n It should be\nnoted that it is generally accepted that the Concept of sustainable development\nencompasses at least 2 important ideas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The first is\nthat this development involves solving economic, social and environmental\nproblems. Development will be sustainable only when a balance is reached\nbetween the various factors that determine the overall standard of living [12,\np. 975]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The second\nidea proclaims that the present generation has a duty to future generations to\nleave sufficient reserves of social, natural and economic resources so that\nthey can provide for themselves a level of well-being no lower than what we\nhave now. <\/p>\n\n\n\n This concept\nposes a fundamental challenge to combine dynamic economic development with\nequal opportunities for every member of society by improving resource\nefficiency and eliminating the link between economic growth and environmental\npollution. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The state\nregional policy is one of the important components of the national strategy of\nsocio-economic development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In the\nConcept of state regional policy and the relevant draft law of 2008, regional\ndevelopment is interpreted as exclusively positive changes in social, economic,\nenvironmental, humanitarian, ethno-national processes at the regional level in\naccordance with the General objectives of the state development strategy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Sustainable\nregional development is a one-time or continuous quantitative and qualitative\ntransformation in the elements of a regional system and their established or\nspontaneously arising complexes from the lowest to the highest level within\nsuch established or conditional boundaries that the regional system remains\ncontrolled and managed or able to reconfigure in time to remain quantitatively\nand structurally coherent, according to a previously adopted or transformed\ncriterion for the functioning of a regional system .[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n In accordance\nwith the documents adopted by the UN and the Russian Federation, the\norganization of social and economic life requires taking into account the\nGeneral principles of sustainable development, namely: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Implementation\nof the basic principles of sustainable development at the regional level can\ntake the following stages: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Stage I.\nElaboration of the Main provisions of the sustainable development strategy of\nthe region (settlement) and approval of the Main provisions by the local\nCouncil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Phase II.\nDevelopment of a sustainable development Strategy: <\/p>\n\n\n\n phase III.\nElaboration of the Program of implementation of the strategy of sustainable\ndevelopment of the region (settlement) according to the terms and objectives\ndefined in the “Strategy of sustainable development of the region\n(settlement)”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sustainable\ndevelopment is the economically, socially and environmentally balanced\ndevelopment of certain territories and urban and rural settlements\n(settlements) located on them, aimed at the coordinated formation and\nfunctioning of their economic, social and environmental components on the basis\nof the rational use of all types of resources (natural, labor, industrial,\nscientific and technical, information, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n The economic\ncomponent of sustainable development means the need to constantly increase the\nproduction of social products in order to ensure an increase in the standard of\nliving of the population. The implementation of the economic component of\nsustainable development causes the growth of incomes, the creation of new jobs,\nthe elimination of poverty as a phenomenon [3, p. 71]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The social\ncomponent of sustainable development means improving the living conditions of\nthe population, primarily through the effective development of social,\nindustrial, transport, engineering, communication,information and environmental\ninfrastructure. The implementation of the social component of sustainable\ndevelopment leads to the formation of a full-fledged living environment for\nmodern and next generations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Together, the\nsocial and economic components of sustainable development should lead to a high\nquality of life of the population, first of all to ensure the leveling of the\nexisting differentiation of the population by income and living conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The quality\nof life largely depends on the environmental factor, that is, the state of the\nnatural environment. Therefore, every decision of the state or local\nauthorities concerning economic and social development must be addressed in\nterms of its environmental impact, which is the essence of the environmental\ncomponent of sustainable development. Implementation of the environmental\ncomponent of sustainable development is also the fact that in the country as a\nwhole and in each locality should be a policy of greening the economy, in\nparticular, should be established programs of technical and technological\nre-equipment and restructuring of all types of enterprises, regardless of ownership,\nto ensure their environmentally safe functioning. If it is impossible to\nachieve such a result, regardless of the reasons, environmentally hazardous\nenterprises must either be re-profiled, or closed, or moved to areas\n(territories) remote from the areas of residence of people in the city and in\nsuburban areas .<\/p>\n\n\n\n The basic\nconditions for sustainable development can be recognized as ensuring: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Among the\nmain factors that ensure sustainable development are the following:: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Natural\nresources and natural conditions are the basis, the material basis of\nproduction and life of the population to solve the problem of environmental\nprotection, but significant investment costs are required. Therefore, the\necological substantiation of nature protection measures and their analysis from\nthe position of market economy is of particular importance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The economic\nsubsystem, in turn, using natural and labor resources, tries to maximize the\neffect of their use. Thus, it increases the gross product of the country, which\naffects the change in the social and environmental situation through state\nsupport of social infrastructure and the introduction of environmental\nmeasures. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The social\nsphere, on the one hand, provides the labor market with qualified labor\nresources and its level of environmental culture affects the environment. On\nthe other hand, environmental conditions and the level of production have a\ndirect impact on the standard of living of the population. <\/p>\n\n\n\n All three\nsystems (environmental, economic and social) are closely interrelated.\nTherefore, to consider these systems together, it is necessary to choose the\nlevel that is specific to each system, and, moreover, is of the greatest\nimportance from the point of view of sustainable development. Such\ncharacteristics are possessed by regional systems, since, starting from this\nlevel, an integral socio-ecological-economic system (Gourmet) is formed, while\nthe lower levels of the territorial hierarchy of the three systems are\nseparate, unrelated systems <\/p>\n\n\n\n Among the\nmechanisms and tools of ecological and economic regional development, which are\nscientifically justified for implementation, it should be noted such as: the\ncreation of territorial ecological and economic clusters and consulting firms\nin order to harmonize the interests of business entities by finding a dynamic\ncombination of different forms of ownership of natural and economic resources\nof a particular territory; consideration of environmental aspects of the\nproduct life cycle; audit of innovation management through eco-balances;\nestablishment of the regional Program of greening of investment activity;\npreparation of “ecological and economic reports of subjects of innovative\nactivity”; application of set of financial and economic tools for ensuring\ngreening of life cycle of goods; ecological budgeting by allocation of\necological financial flows of the enterprise; definition of “zone of\ncyclic maneuvering by financial resources on the basis of change of ecological\ncosts of production\u00bb; the introduction of cross-border mechanisms of joint\nenvironmental management of several States, especially in cases of emergency\nenvironmental situations of the interstate zone of destruction; the formation\nof a stable, stimulating environmental management system of taxation and\nenvironmental insurance, etc [5, \u0441. 32].<\/p>\n\n\n\n The modern\nparadigm of ecological and economic development of regions is the recognition\nof environmental priorities over others, which gives rise to the scientific and\npractical task of reducing man-made pressure on the natural environment to the\npoint where it will be able to self-recovery, and in society there will be a\n“socio-natural coevolution” . Thus, the state regional policy should\nencourage economic entities to comply with such parameters of the use of the\nresource potential of the territory, which, if the maximum economic effect is\nachieved, would lead to compliance with the main limitation of sustainable\nregional development, which is reduced to the conduct of economic activity in\nthe region within its actual natural capacity .<\/p>\n\n\n\n To implement\nthe strategy of sustainable development of regions, it is necessary to have a\nmechanism that is based on the internal and external interests of the country\nand regions, because the Central driving force of any state is the regions and\nonly the complexity of development makes it possible to ensure progress in\nevery link of the economy and human life. The economic strategy of the state\ndetermines the transformation of priorities and mechanisms of state intervention\nin the economy of the regions for the implementation of its strategic goals for\nthe long term. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The functions\nof the regional level of management include the following issues: <\/p>\n\n\n\n In the\ncontext of sustainable development, regional authorities should be responsible\nfor ensuring the integrated, balanced socio-economic and environmental\ndevelopment of the region. The environmental component is an integral part of\nthe economic activity of the region. As emphasize, for example, N. So.\nDolishniy and O. S. Swindler “Regional development is initiated by the\nintegral influence of a number of factors, the main of which are: consideration\nand mandatory use of the advantages and opportunities of the geopolitical\nposition of the region; rational use of natural resource and\nproduction-economic potential of the region on the basis of intensification of\nits constituent parts and growth factors, as well as the advantages of the\nprocesses of market reform of property relations; improvement of conditions and\nliving environment of the population, especially to address the problem of\nemployment, overcoming negative demographic trends, preservation of\nenvironmentally safe environment” [7]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Taking into\naccount the importance of the problem of decentralization of state management\nin the Russian Federation, and correlating it with global trends in the\ndevelopment of local government, scientists proposed a draft Concept of state\nregional policy. According to this concept, the main objectives of the state\nregional economic policy in the environmental sphere should be:: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Economic\nmanagement of the region is one of the most complex and responsible activities\nof state, regional and local authorities, since the infrastructure of the\nregion includes all spheres of human activity: production, social,\nenvironmental, recreational, ideological [9, p. 597]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n In the\ntheoretical aspect, taking into account the transition of society to the model\nof sustainable development, environmental protection is allocated to an\nindependent sphere of infrastructure in the region, because in its essence it\nis mainly a “negative result” of economic activity of enterprises in\nthe region, if we take into account only the anthropogenic factor of\nenvironmental threats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The region is\na holistic, relatively isolated, structured social system with a dominant role\nof governance institutions, characterized by certain characteristics and\nincludes political and administrative, economic, legal, environmental, physical\nand geographical, ethnic, religious and socio-cultural structural components\nwith the relevant social institutions .<\/p>\n\n\n\n In modern\nconditions, there are several approaches to solving the problem of sustainable\ndevelopment of the region. These include: <\/p>\n\n\n\n In the study\nof the problem of regional development management system approach allows us to\nunderstand it as the functioning of several complex systems, including: <\/p>\n\n\n\n In this\napproach, the sustainable development of the region is a complex system that\nconsists not only of a territorially organized structure, but also of a\nprocess, goals and methods; it must be well coordinated. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Considering\nthe region as a single, indivisible system that is based on certain principles\nand relationships, management and development technologies, we can highlight\nsome of its features: <\/p>\n\n\n\n The region,\nas a system, will be stable if for any change of the parameters influencing it\nthere is such management which will provide observance of balance and stability\nof structure [11, page 980]. If the input flows in the system are unbalanced in\nterms of resources and benefit waiting times, the system is potentially\nunsustainable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The factors\nthat determine the systemic sustainability of the region include: <\/p>\n\n\n\n The whole set\nof factors affecting the sustainable development of the region can be divided\ninto two main groups: quantitative and qualitative. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Considering\nthe qualitative criteria of stability of the region as a system, we can\ndistinguish two such approaches: <\/p>\n\n\n\n The effect of\nquantitative factors is that the quantitative result of the functioning of the\nsystem in advance exceeds a certain target value of the indicator, and\ntherefore there is some “margin of safety”. The quantitative\nindicators include: the dynamics of GRP; the volume of investment in fixed\ncapital from all sources of financing; the index of physical volume of industrial\nproduction, agricultural production, retail trade, paid services to the\npopulation, real cash incomes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Improving the\nefficiency of functioning and development of the region requires managing the\nactions of parts separately, and the interactions between them. Functional\nconsistency of both managed objects and the subjects of management is a\nmandatory element of the process of socio-economic development of the region.\nAll this makes it necessary to form an organizational and economic mechanism\nfor sustainable development of the region, which will allow a particular\nadministrative and territorial unit to effectively use its potential, to fit\ninto the global processes of social development and ensure the growth of the\nquality of life of the population. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Regional development\nmanagement issues occupy a key place in the system of regional policy of the\nRussian Federation. The priorities of the state socio-economic policy aimed at\ncreating conditions for the development of regions is the legal regulation of\nrelations through the adoption of legislative acts and decisions of state and\nregional bodies aimed at the implementation of state policy in this area; the\nformation of strategies for the development of the state and regions through\nthe development and implementation of targeted integrated programs;\nstrengthening the role of local budgets in the financing of regional strategies\nand programs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n According to\nthe Law of the Russian Federation “On stimulation of development of\nregions” the purpose of stimulation of development of regions consists in\nensuring their sustainable development in interests of all Russian Federation,\nincrease of a standard of living of the population, overcoming of poverty and\nunemployment, formation of a middle class; effective use of economic, scientific,\nlabor potential, natural and other resources, and also features for achievement\non this basis of improvement of a standard of living of people; creation of\nequal conditions for dynamic, balanced social and economic development of\nregions of the Russian Federation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Insufficient\nand inefficient use of resources in the regions is primarily due to inadequate\nlegislative support of organizational and financial relations regarding the use\nof resource and investment potential of the regions, which creates a number of\nnegative financial consequences associated with the distribution of Finance to\nother sectors of the economy and the outflow of capital abroad. <\/p>\n\n\n\n One of the\nmechanisms for the implementation of socio-economic policy in the regions is\nits regulatory and legal support. An important step in this direction was the\nadoption of the Law of the Russian Federation “On stimulating the\ndevelopment of regions”, which defines the legal, economic and\norganizational basis for the implementation of state policy to stimulate the\ndevelopment of regions and overcome the repressiveness of regions. According to\nthis law, organizational support of the state stimulation of development of\nregions is carried out according to bases of the state regional policy, the\nstate programs of economic and social development of the Russian Federation,\nthe state programs, other laws and acts of the legislation of the Russian\nFederation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n In pursuance\nof this Law, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Russian Federation adopted a\nResolution “On approval of the State strategy of regional development for\nthe period up to 2015”, which identified the key problems of regional\ndevelopment, priorities of state regional policy in terms of national needs and\ninterests .<\/p>\n\n\n\n Literary source<\/p>\n\n\n\n DOI 10.24411\/2413-046\u0425-2019-18068 A HOLISTIC PROGRAM OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN CRISIS CONDITIONS \u0417\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044e\u0445\u0430 \u042f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447, \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0420\u0424, Yaroslav.zaveryukha@yandex.ru Summary: The concept of sustainable development is driven by the needs of modern human development and is important, growing with each decade, for the management of natural and social processes on a global as well […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[107],"tags":[160],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7IyHt-2SB","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11073"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11074,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11073\/revisions\/11074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qje.su\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}