The invention of hydraulic structure systems is an ancient achievement of mankind, which has been useful for many centuries. However, despite the fact that in our time in almost every house you can find water supply and sewerage, not every city can boast of preserved elements of water supply systems of ancient times. The main interest in the study of gravity structures is the impact they have on the ecology of urbanized areas. For example, we took two cities (the city of Mytishchi, the administrative center of the Mytishchi district of the Moscow region, one of the largest cities in the Moscow region and Peterhof - a small town on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland to the west of St. Petersburg, a large tourist, scientific and educational center), which have various indicators and parameters from the point of view of urban planning analysis: natural and climatic, anthropogenic, social. We studied what threats to the environment and ecology in general, gravity structures represent and made conclusions on the current situation. Knowing the problem, we can find suitable approaches to solve it. One of them may be the installation of additional treatment facilities, the creation of green areas and the reduction of anthropogenic impacts.